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Volvo - History



1915The Swedish SKF-Kugellagerfabrik establishes company 'Volvo'. 'volvere' in Latin means 'roll' and 'volvo' then accordingly 'I roll'. There are many possible production targets being considered in the automotive sector. The First World War interrupts, however, the planning.
1922Sweden imports almost 9.000 cars.
1924Engineer Gustaf Larson and sales manager Assar Gabrielsson, two former colleagues with different characters,join together to deliver to the (apparently existing) Swedish market with own products.
1926Schweden imports just under 19.000 cars.
1926Ten prototypes, mostly open, of which a limousine. Larson and Gabrielson achieve in their company SKF a participation and the possibility of using a factory building as a production facility. The company Volvo is newly created as an auto producer. As logo is selected the ancient chemical symbol for iron, a circle with an right emerging arrow. The diagonal beam is necessary due to the cooler mounting.
1927First car 'ÖV 4' from the factory Hisingen, engine from the Penta-Motorenwerken.
1928Beginning of truck production
1929PV 651 with six-cylinder in-line and American design
1929Volvo magazine Rats (steering wheel)
1929First business year with profit
1930PV 652 with hydraulic drum brake, TR-version ('trafikbil' - truck) with an extended wheelbase for Taxi companies, majority of the Penta-Engine Plants and taking over the factory of SKF
1931Advertising with 'cars from Sweden'
1933PV 653 with less edged body and free-wheel for reducing consumption
1934TR 676 with more height of the roof
1935Transformation into joint-stock company, complete takeover of the Penta-Motoren Werke, PV 657 with streamlined body, PV 36 ('Carioca' - Fashion dance) with all-steel body and front wheel suspension, bus production
1936PV 51 derived from PV 36
1937PV 52 derived from PV 51
1938PV 53 with forward extended front, PV 56
1938PV 800 successfully as a taxi
1939PV 801 with wood gasification
1940Prototype PV 40, larger model with four-cylinder raial rear engine
1941800 series with independent front suspension
1941Volvo Aero, before Svenska Flygmotor
1942Takeover of previous gearbox supplier (Köpings Mekaniska Verkstad)
1944PV 444, Safety passenger compartment, windscreen of laminated glass, no more brand mark (cars), TVP (Terräng Person Vagn - off-road vehicle), PV 60 as the last Volvo with side controlled six-cylinder
1947PV 444, Start of delivery in greater numbers
1949More cars produced than trucks and buses
1952Retirement for Gustaf Larson
1953PV 445, estate car of the 444 with the name 'duet' on box frame, luxury model PV 831
1954Five-year warranty on engine failure
1955U.S.-exports, test facility near Gothenburg
1956120 ('Amazon'), upholstered dash board, management board changes to Gunnar Engellau
19571,6 liter and 44 kW (60 hp) in PV 444, preparation two-point belt, sign of iron as a brand symbol reappears (US-version PV 444), PV 445 ('Duett') estate version
1958PV 544 with a through windscreen, Volvo Germany
1959P 1800, fixing points for three-point belts in front, new factory created on the island Hisingen
1961Standard in the front seat belts, 1,8 liter engine (B 18) with two carburetors
1962Cavity conservation, Amazon estate car
1963PV 445 Duett
1965Victory in the East African Safari Rally (Singh, PV 544), mounting plant in Belgium
1966140, two-circuit brake system with dual front axle circuit, only disc brakes, front and rear crumple zones, integrated roll bar
1967P 140, safety belts for rear seats
1968Front head restraints
1969B18-engine with D-Jetronic, automatic seat belts, rear window heating, end estate car Duett
1970Research group for traffic accidents, end Amazon
1971P 1800 ES, 'Snow White's Coffin, ' change in management board to Pehr Gustav Gyllenhammer
1972760 with very edged body, rear seatbelts, child seat against driving direction, child protection, rear hazard warning flashers
1973New plant in Kalmar, abolition of the assembly line, energy-absorbing steering column and bumpers, headlamp washers, the first Volvo Ocean Race (all 4 years)
1974240 with B21 engine, now OHC, 260 with B27 (V6 developed together with Renault and Peugeot), new plant in Kalmar, abolition of the assembly line, tank away from the impact area, safety steering
1975265, takeover of DAF passenger cars as Volvo 66, plant in Born (NL) is now Volvo Car BV
1976Volvo 343 as new middle class, 1.4-liter four-cylinder with variomatic, 3 year service warranty
1977262 Coupe
1979343 and 345 with manual transmission, six-cylinder diesel engine from VW, wide-angle exterior mirrors
1980240 Turbo with 114 kW (155 hp), 340 with a two-liter engine, 70 kW (95 hp)
1982New: 760, 300 series with improved interior features, all models with reinforcement of the front seat edge, protection from diving through case of safety belts, warning lights on the interior door edges
1983760 GLE, 245 with Turbo engine
1984780, 740 with four-and six-cylinder, the number of cylinders in the second place shall no longer be, front-wheel drive at Volvo, 740 and 760 as station wagons, ABS
1986Volvo 480 ES with pop-up headlights due to U.S. minimum height, lambda control, catalyst, anti-slip control and traction control with engine intervention, auxiliary brake light, wind tunnel
1987760, Multi-link rear suspension, digital electronic climate control, ABS, car radio with traffic information, seat belt, driver's air bag
1988440, 740 GLT, strike in Sweden, new paint shop (Torslanda), Uddevalla final assembly plant
1989740 GLE, new turbo engine 147 kW (200 hp), rear bench seat with integrated child seat (prototype), child seat, side impact protection
1990940 replaces 740 except 740 GL, 960 instead of 760, own in-line six-cylinder, driver airbag (option)
1991850 and 850GLT, five cylinders (cross), front wheel drive, reinforced sides construction, belt height adjustment, participation of Mitsubishi and the Dutch government at factory in Born
1992850 GLE, passenger airbag, side impact protection also for 740 and 900 models, Environment concept Car, rear head restraints also
1993850 Estate and Turbo, air conditioning CFC-free, production end 240, Uddevalla closed
1994More compact six-cylinder, 960, 850T-5R, side airbags, factory Kalmar closed
1995S40 and V40 (suitable for Mitsubishi Carisma), 'V' is now versatility, 'S' sedan, the end 480
1996C70, 850 Bi-Fuel and all wheel drive, S70 and V70 replace 850, from 960 will S90 and V90, more powerful engines for 40 series, plant in Uddevalla, cooperation withTWR
1997C70 Cabriolet, 40er with turbo, 70 with gas or methanol-drive, AWD V70 and V70XC (Cross Country)
1998S80, whiplash protection system, S70 AWD, only Volvo with front-or all-wheel drive, closed factory in Halifax, the end of the 90-series
1999Takeover by the Ford Group, now 50% share in the factory Born, S80 T6 with 200 kW (272 hp)
2000S60, V70, Cross Coutry, Safety Centre in Gothenburg, Adventure, Performance und Savety-Car concepts
2001Aluminum diesel engines, improved bi-fuel engines, sale of 50% share in Mitsubishi-Born, AWD Haldex coupling, Xenon headlights, Volvo Ocean Race
2002XC90, improved Pre-Safe System, tests with "pregnant" dummy, automatically controlled damping as concept
2003XC 90 as the first SUV with 5 stars at NCAP-Test
2006C30
2007XC 70 (D5)
2008V50, XC 60
2009S80
2010Takeover by Geely Holding (China), V60, XC90, cooperation with HDI direct insurance
2011C30 Electric
2012V40, V60 Hybrid
2013Concept glider automatic







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