 Autonomous driving 1
| This would be level 3 . . . |
Of course, this topic is the supreme discipline in a book about the software-based car. When considering the state of technology in 2025, it is best to refer to this technology as an Adaptive Driver Assist System (ADAS).
To summarize more concisely and clarify where we stand today, here are the five levels again, starting with level 1: This could include an ESP system that operates completely without driver input, but it could also include
an acoustic warning system that indicates how much space is available behind the vehicle.
Level 2 is currently the most interesting because it is the only one that is currently being achieved in full. Following previous claims by German manufacturers, we should already be at Level 4, but that's far from the truth.
Even with one or two plus signs added, it simply isn't enough.
The difference between Level 1 and Level 2 can best be explained by comparing a standard cruise control system with an adaptive cruise control system. The former maintains a constant speed, while the latter, using
advanced sensors at the front of the vehicle, also maintains a safe distance from the vehicle in front.
The same game between 2 and 3 becomes clear again in the liability for everything a vehicle does in traffic. At level 2, the driver bears full responsibility, while at the higher level, the manufacturer is responsible for
accidents caused by the vehicle.
So even if the authorities grant permission for these systems, it's uncertain when they will actually be available. They would allow the driver to be significantly and for a longer period of inattention, which he/she does not
have at Level 2.
Therefore, the system would need to anticipate potential problems well in advance and alert the driver to take control of the steering within, say, 10 seconds – a surprisingly long time. So don't just beep in a curve to
immediately take over, as has already happened.
| At level 3, drivers could also perform other tasks, whereas at level 2 they couldn't. |
That's a huge difference. Essentially, with Level 2 systems, the driver needs to continuously monitor the traffic situation to be able to intervene at any time. They also need to be quite familiar with the limitations of this type of
assistance system.
The plus signs behind them are not standardized. One can only assume that the first plus could make the time-dependent touch or movement of the steering wheel obsolete. This would likely be achieved by a sensor that
monitors the driver's eyes, head, and movements, thus detecting any lack of attention.
If Level 3 were to come upon us one day, it would perhaps only apply to certain traffic tasks, e.g. in traffic jams up to 60 km/h or on motorways up to perhaps higher speeds. Eventually, it might also be possible to use it in
urban areas as well.
No, that feature isn't available yet, even though manufacturers often claim that lane changes can be initiated simply by activating the turn signal or by turning your head. Despite this added convenience, it still doesn't allow
drivers to focus on anything other than driving.
Actually, even Level 2 isn't fully developed yet. What's missing is the system's ability to adapt to the individual needs of the driver. While there may be some beginners who prefer a more hands-on, prescriptive approach,
there are also experienced drivers, or those who consider themselves experts, who definitely don't want that kind of control.
| Only on the far right and only during the day . . . |
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