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Elementary particles



If we break the world down into its components, we come across atoms, quarks and gluons. That is what everything is made of, including us as humans. The elementary particles hold the world together. How do we actually get elementary particles?

It is the magic of electromagnetism that creates tremendous speed and thus the possibility of provoking crash tests. For this purpose, tunnels are built in circles of enormous diameter or length with enormous acceleration possibilities.

Electrons and protons collide with each other with great energy. The protons break down into their components. This mimics the Big Bang around 13.8 billion years ago. It is assumed because it has been known since Hubble that the universe is constantly expanding, the further out, the stronger.

As a logical consequence of this finding, the theory of relativity was used to calculate backwards, when everything was so small that it could not get any smaller. It is therefore assumed that from this point onwards, with a lot of energy available, there must have been an incredibly rapid expansion of space.

The term 'atom', created by the Greeks, was still valid until 1911. Since then, we have known that atoms just are not indivisible. They consist of electrons, protons and neutrons, the latter two of which, according to later research, consist of quarks and gluons and have since been referred to as elementary particles.

Why do we do this? We want to know what not only holds the world around us together, but also to better understand our universe. It is the answer to the question of where we come from and what will happen to us.

Elementary particles as basic components of all matter.

This is not just a field of theology, perhaps, it also affects very tangible technical benefits, e.g. electricity and communication, whether via a medium or wirelessly. Thinking directly about people, it has greatly influenced diagnostics and possible healing.

As a instrument of scientific , one property of elementary particles is very important: some of them can penetrate any matter. The most prominent example is the exploration of the interior of pyramids without having to touch them in any way.

Elementary particles, they permeate the world.

Medicine has long been taking advantage of this property in the form of X-rays with x-rays. This works by strongly accelerating electrons that are sent through human body parts. Dense components such as bones allow fewer elementary particles to hit the surface behind them.

The inside of the human body is thus depicted in black and white, so to speak. Broken bones are visible by bisection of white longitudinal parts. However, in contrast to materials research, one should not x-ray individual people too often. Operating personnel protect themselves by wearing appropriate clothing.

We have already mentioned the circular arrangement of a particle accelerator. The most powerful one, not only in Europe, is located in Geneva as a ring with a diameter of 22 km, mostly about 100 meters underground, the CERN. Here it is only protons that are brought into collision at the speed of light.

It is important that not only the collision is controlled, but also the formation of the fission products is observed. Protons meet an unimaginable millions of times per second, of which only a mid-double-digit number collide, the individual parts of which then provide a corresponding amount of data about the proportions of the respective elementary particles, their direction of movement, energy and speed. This can then also provide us with new, previously unknown particles.

Back to the universe and what science has not yet discovered, the so-called dark matter, also known as black holes, which makes up about 85 percent of all matter. What we are also still missing are the 380,000 years directly after the Big Bang.








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